¶ Ansible Inventory
see also Ansible Community Documentation
¶ hosts.ini Example
Multiple Groups sorted by OS and task
# OS - Parents with Childrens
[RPM:children]
controller
targets
rpmdesktops
rpmservers
[debian:children]
nameserver
services
picluster
[arch:children]
archdesktops
# Groups - Childrens with their respective members
# CentOS Stream 9
[controller]
ansiblecontroller ansible_host=192.168.68.158 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=local
[targets]
target1 ansible_host=192.168.68.159 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
target2 ansible_host=192.168.68.160 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
[rpmdesktops]
opensuse ansible_host=192.168.68.173 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
redhat-centos ansible_host=192.168.68.183 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
[rpmservers]
rh-nginx-proxy ansible_host=192.168.68.155 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
centos-template ansible_host=192.168.68.156 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
# Ubuntu
[nameserver]
ns1mac ansible_host=192.168.68.10 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
ns2pi ansible_host=192.168.68.11 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
ns3hp ansible_host=192.168.68.12 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
[services]
meshcentral ansible_host=192.168.68.16 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
gameserver ansible_host=192.168.68.77 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
stablediffusion ansible_host=192.168.68.23 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
[picluster]
pi-cluster-1 ansible_host=192.168.68.101 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
pi-cluster-2 ansible_host=192.168.68.102 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
pi-cluster-3 ansible_host=192.168.68.103 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
pi-cluster-4 ansible_host=192.168.68.104 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
pi-cluster-5 ansible_host=192.168.68.105 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
[archdesktops]
manjaro ansible_host=192.168.68.153 ansible_user=root ansible_connection=ssh
¶ Example Commands
Ping all Hosts from the hosts.ini File - you have to be in the same directory as the .ini file.
ansible all -m ping -i hosts.ini
Execute a Playbook - here the update-allos.yml file; targets are choosen in the .yml file and defined in the hosts.ini file.
ansible-playbook update-allos.yml -i hosts.ini
¶ Example Scripts
¶ Update all servers with different OS
Update all servers with different OS (see hosts.ini above) verbosely - Recap example:
What does it do?
- tests if servers are reachable
- gathers information about them like "os_family" to target the servers individually
- updates package cache
- lists and shows available package updates
- upgrades all packages to the latest version
- loops back to updating the package cache for the next os_family
- recaps results
update-allos.yml:
---
- name: Update and upgrade packages on multiple OS with verbosity
hosts: all
become: yes
tasks:
- name: Gather facts
ansible.builtin.setup:
- name: Update and upgrade packages on Ubuntu/Debian
block:
- name: Update the package cache
ansible.builtin.apt:
update_cache: yes
- name: List available package updates
ansible.builtin.command:
cmd: apt list --upgradable
register: update_output
ignore_errors: yes
- name: Show available package updates
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: "{{ update_output.stdout_lines }}"
- name: Upgrade all packages to the latest version
ansible.builtin.apt:
name: '*'
state: latest
update_cache: yes
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Debian"
- name: Update and upgrade packages on Manjaro/Arch Linux
block:
- name: Update the package cache and list available updates
ansible.builtin.command:
cmd: pacman -Syu --noconfirm
register: update_output
ignore_errors: yes
- name: Show available package updates
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: "{{ update_output.stdout_lines }}"
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Archlinux"
- name: Update and upgrade packages on openSUSE Leap
block:
- name: Update the package cache
ansible.builtin.command:
cmd: zypper refresh
register: refresh_output
ignore_errors: yes
- name: List available package updates
ansible.builtin.command:
cmd: zypper list-updates
register: update_output
ignore_errors: yes
- name: Show available package updates
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: "{{ update_output.stdout_lines }}"
- name: Upgrade all packages to the latest version
ansible.builtin.command:
cmd: zypper update -y
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Suse"
- name: Update and upgrade packages on CentOS/RHEL
block:
- name: Update the package cache
ansible.builtin.dnf:
update_cache: yes
- name: List available package updates
ansible.builtin.command:
cmd: dnf check-update
register: update_output
ignore_errors: yes
- name: Show available package updates
ansible.builtin.debug:
msg: "{{ update_output.stdout_lines }}"
- name: Upgrade all packages to the latest version
ansible.builtin.dnf:
name: '*'
state: latest
update_cache: yes
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "RedHat"
¶ Install Golang on one host group and one individual machine
In this example we are installing Golang on the picluster group and additionally the individual server target1. The picluster servers are arm64 based and the target1 server is x86-64 based.
Just change the hosts on line 3, if you want to target specific groups/individual machines before executing the ansible-playbook command.
What does it do?
- tests if servers are reachable and gathers facts like "os_family" and "architecture"
- ensures wget is installed and all OSs
- determine Go tar file URL for arm64 and x86_64/amd64
- downloads the Go tar file from the official site
- checks /tmp/ if Go tar file was downloaded
- fails and alerts if Go tar file was not found - skipped if found
- deletes previous Go installation
- extracts and moves new Go folder to /usr/local
- clean up - deletes downloaded tar file
- adds Go binary path to system-wide profile
- reloads system-wide profile
- tests Go installation on all OSs
- displays Go version on all OSs
- recaps results
golang-setup-multi.yml:
---
- name: Go Setup
hosts: picluster, target1
vars:
version: 1.22.6
become: yes
tasks:
- name: Ensure wget is installed on Ubuntu/Debian
apt:
name: wget
state: present
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Debian"
- name: Ensure wget is installed on CentOS/RHEL
dnf:
name: wget
state: present
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "RedHat"
- name: Ensure wget is installed on Manjaro/Arch Linux
pacman:
name: wget
state: present
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Archlinux"
- name: Ensure wget is installed on openSUSE Leap
zypper:
name: wget
state: present
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Suse"
- name: Determine Go tar URL for arm64
set_fact:
go_tar_url: "https://go.dev/dl/go{{version}}.linux-arm64.tar.gz"
go_tar_name: "go{{version}}.linux-arm64.tar.gz"
when: ansible_facts['architecture'] == 'aarch64'
- name: Determine Go tar URL for x86_64
set_fact:
go_tar_url: "https://go.dev/dl/go{{version}}.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
go_tar_name: "go{{version}}.linux-amd64.tar.gz"
when: ansible_facts['architecture'] == 'x86_64'
- name: Download Go tar file
command: wget -O /tmp/{{ go_tar_name }} {{ go_tar_url }}
register: download_result
retries: 3
delay: 5
until: download_result.rc == 0
- name: Check if Go tar file was downloaded
stat:
path: "/tmp/{{ go_tar_name }}"
register: go_tar_file
- name: Fail if Go tar file was not found
fail:
msg: "Go tar file was not downloaded successfully."
when: not go_tar_file.stat.exists
- name: Delete previous Go installation
command: rm -rf /usr/local/go
become: true
- name: Extract and move new Go folder to /usr/local
command: tar -C /usr/local -xzf /tmp/{{ go_tar_name }}
become: true
- name: Delete downloaded tar file
command: rm -rf /tmp/{{ go_tar_name }}
- name: Add Go binary path to system-wide profile
lineinfile:
path: /etc/profile.d/go.sh
line: 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin:$GOPATH/bin'
create: true
state: present
become: true
- name: Reload system-wide profile
shell: . /etc/profile.d/go.sh
- name: Test Go installation on Ubuntu/Debian
command: /usr/local/go/bin/go version
register: go_version_output_debian
failed_when: go_version_output_debian.rc != 0
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Debian"
- name: Test Go installation on CentOS/RHEL
command: /usr/local/go/bin/go version
register: go_version_output_redhat
failed_when: go_version_output_redhat.rc != 0
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "RedHat"
- name: Test Go installation on Manjaro/Arch Linux
command: /usr/local/go/bin/go version
register: go_version_output_arch
failed_when: go_version_output_arch.rc != 0
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Archlinux"
- name: Test Go installation on openSUSE Leap
command: /usr/local/go/bin/go version
register: go_version_output_suse
failed_when: go_version_output_suse.rc != 0
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Suse"
- name: Display Go version on Ubuntu/Debian
debug:
msg: "{{ go_version_output_debian.stdout }}"
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Debian"
- name: Display Go version on CentOS/RHEL
debug:
msg: "{{ go_version_output_redhat.stdout }}"
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "RedHat"
- name: Display Go version on Manjaro/Arch Linux
debug:
msg: "{{ go_version_output_arch.stdout }}"
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Archlinux"
- name: Display Go version on openSUSE Leap
debug:
msg: "{{ go_version_output_suse.stdout }}"
when: ansible_facts['os_family'] == "Suse"